1 Introduction

Cloud SQL helps to manage RDB on GCP for us. There are 3 ways to create the database:

(1) Create on Console

(2) Create with gcloud

(3) Create with Terraform

For GCP initiation, can go to: How to initiate the GCP project and use gcloud to access.

2 GCP Console

For PostgreSQL, you can speicify the paramters as below:

3 gcloud

We can create Cloud SQL with Google SDK(gcloud) with the command:

$ gcloud sql instances create pkslow-testdb \
--database-version=POSTGRES_13 \
--region=us-west1 \
--cpu=1 \
--memory=3840MB \
--authorized-networks="0.0.0.0/0" 

Creating Cloud SQL instance...done.                                                                                                                             
Created [https://sqladmin.googleapis.com/sql/v1beta4/projects/pkslow/instances/pkslow-testdb].
NAME           DATABASE_VERSION  LOCATION    TIER              PRIMARY_ADDRESS  PRIVATE_ADDRESS  STATUS
pkslow-testdb  POSTGRES_13       us-west1-a  db-custom-1-3840  34.83.146.214    -                RUNNABLE

authorized-networks is important to authorize who can access the database.

Set the password for postgres:

$ gcloud sql users set-password postgres \
--instance=pkslow-testdb \
--password=pkpass

Create the database with the instance:

$ gcloud sql databases create billing --instance=pkslow-testdb

Creating Cloud SQL database...done.                                                                                                                             
Created database [billing].
instance: pkslow-testdb
name: billing
project: pkslow

Connect to the database on local laptop:

After connected, we can create the table and insert some data into the db:

CREATE TABLE pkslow_person (
                               name varchar not null,
                                 age int not null,
                                 city varchar not null
);

insert into pkslow_person(name, age, city) VALUES ('Larry', 1, 'GZ');
insert into pkslow_person(name, age, city) VALUES ('pkslow', 2, 'SZ');
insert into pkslow_person(name, age, city) VALUES ('Deng', 21, 'SZ');
insert into pkslow_person(name, age, city) VALUES ('Eason', 13, 'BJ');
insert into pkslow_person(name, age, city) VALUES ('JJ', 43, 'SH');
insert into pkslow_person(name, age, city) VALUES ('Mi', 28, 'HK');

Check the data:

4 Terraform

We can create the database with Terraform:

provider "google" {
  project     = "pkslow"
}

resource "google_sql_database_instance" "instance" {
  name             = "pkslow-postgresql"
  region           = "us-west1"
  database_version = "POSTGRES_13"
  settings {
    tier = "db-f1-micro"

    ip_configuration {
          ipv4_enabled = "true"

          authorized_networks {
            value           = "0.0.0.0/0"
            name            = "allow-all"
            expiration_time = "2099-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"
          }

        }
  }

  deletion_protection  = "true"
}

resource "google_sql_database" "database" {
  name     = "billing"
  instance = google_sql_database_instance.instance.name
}

resource "google_sql_user" "users" {
  name     = "larry"
  instance = google_sql_database_instance.instance.name
  password = "larry.pass"
}

This will create 3 resources for us: Instance, Database and User.

Run the commands to make it happen:

$ terraform init -plugin-dir=${TERRAFORM_PLUGIN}

$ terraform plan

$ terraform apply -auto-approve

The Terraform will create the Bucket to manage the Terraform state:

After the commands completed, check the instances:

$ gcloud sql instances list
NAME               DATABASE_VERSION  LOCATION    TIER              PRIMARY_ADDRESS  PRIVATE_ADDRESS  STATUS
pkslow-postgresql  POSTGRES_13       us-west1-a  db-f1-micro       34.127.53.161    -                RUNNABLE
pkslow-testdb      POSTGRES_13       us-west1-a  db-custom-1-3840  34.83.146.214    -                RUNNABLE